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目的 探究秦山核电站附近的南北湖水中总α放射性和总β放射性异常升高的原因。方法 水样和沉积物的检测参照GB/T 5750.13—2023《生活饮用水标准检验方法》进行。结果 南北湖水样总α放射性(0.135±0.010 8)Bq/L，总β放射性(0.345±0.036) Bq/L，高于往年同期结果数倍；南北湖水的加标回收率（总α放射性：85.7%±4.7%，总β放射性101.8%±4.1%）与自来水的加标回收率（总α放射性：83.2%±3.6%，总β放射性105.1%±5.2%）无明显差异；总α放射性与沉积物添加量成正相关（r=0.996），总β放射性与沉积物添加量成正相关（r=0.998）；南北湖沉积物的总α放射性和总β放射性显著高于周边其他水体的沉积物；南北湖水用0.45μm滤膜过滤后残渣的总α放射性（529±41） Bq/L和总β放射性（927±83） Bq/L与南北湖沉积物总α放射性（516±35） Bq/L和总β放射性（965±68） Bq/L结果相近。结论 由于南北湖正在进行清淤工作，湖底沉积物重新进入湖水中，且南北湖沉积物中总α放射性和总β放射性含量较高，导致了此次南北湖水中总α放射性和总β放射性含量升高。
Abstract：Objective To investigate the causes of the abnormally elevated gross α and gross β activity concentrations in the water of Nanbei Lake located near the Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant. Methods Water and sediment samples were measured according to GB/T 5 750.13-2023 Standard Examination Methods for Drinking Water. Results The gross αactivity concentration in Nanbei Lake water was(0.135 ± 0.010 8) Bq/L, and the gross β activity concentration was 0.345 ±0.036 Bq/L, which were several times higher than those recorded during the same period in previous years. The spike recovery rates for Nanbei Lake water(gross α: 85.7% ± 4.7%; gross β: 101.8% ± 4.1%) showed no significant differences from those for tap water(gross α: 83.2% ± 3.6%; gross β: 105.1% ± 5.2%). Gross α activity concentration exhibited a positive correlation with sediment addition(r = 0.996), as did gross β activity concentration(r = 0.998). The gross α and gross β activity concentrations in sediments from Nanbei Lake were significantly higher than those in sediments from surrounding water bodies. The gross α(529 ± 41)Bq/L and gross β(927 ± 83)Bq/L activity concentrations in the residue retained on a 0.45 μm filter after filtering Nanbei Lake water were similar to those in the sediments of Nanbei Lake(gross α:(516 ± 35) Bq/L; grossβ:(965 ± 68) Bq/L). Conclusion The elevated gross α and gross β activity concentrations in Nanbei Lake water could be attributed to dredging activities, which resuspended sediments into the water column, combined with the inherently high activity concentrations in the sediments.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13491/j.issn.1004-714X.2026.01.004
中图分类号:X524;X837
引用信息:
[1]张翔,吴小琼,葛淼华,等.南北湖水中总α放射性和总β放射性异常升高现象的原因分析[J].中国辐射卫生,2026,35(01):18-22+35.DOI:10.13491/j.issn.1004-714X.2026.01.004.
基金信息:
嘉兴市科技计划项目(2023AD11048);嘉兴市科技计划项目(2024AD10061); 浙江省疾病预防控制科技计划(2026JKZ075)
2026-02-15
2026-02-15